Gasoline?methylal?in?the?analysis?of?special?column

　　On?15?March?2015?3.15?exposure?of?the?inferior?synthetic?methylal?added?to?gasoline,?caused?strong?repercussions?in?the?community.

　　Methylal?(Dimethoxymethane),?commonly?known?as?formaldehyde?and?methanol?two.?Colorless?transparent?liquid.?With?alcohol,?ether,?acetone?and?other?miscible;?soluble?resin?and?oil,?dissolving?capacity?than?ether,?acetone?strong;?methanol?and?co?boiling?mixture?can?be?dissolved?with?high?nitrogen?content?of?nitrocellulose;?16?DEG?C?when?dissolved?in?water?32.3%?(WT);?water?in?methylal?dissolved?4.3%?(WT).?Has?a?similar?smell?of?chloroform.?Methylal?is?an?important?derivative?of?natural?gas?and?coal?chemical?industry,?mainly?for?the?production?of?anion?exchange?resin.?At?the?same?time,?because?of?its?high?oxygen?content,?the?molecular?structure?does?not?contain?the?C-C?key,?can?be?used?as?a?transportation?fuel?and?fuel?additive,?and?also?can?be?used?as?a?fuel?cell?mobile?hydrogen?energy?sources.?Also?as?a?solvent,?its?ability?to?dissolve,?but?because?of?its?strong?vapor?anesthesia,?should?not?be?used?as?a?general?solvent,?usually?for?special?occasions,?the?solvent.?In?the?presence?of?concentrated?sulfuric?acid,?methanol?and?formaldehyde?were?synthesized?in?a?column.?The?base?is?relatively?stable,?and?dilute?hydrochloric?acid?together?with?heating,?easy?to?decompose?into?formaldehyde?and?methanol.

　　Methylal?has?good?oil?and?volatile,?as?cleaning?agent?can?replace?F11,?f13?and?fluorinated?solvents?is?replacement?of?freon?to?reduce?the?volatile?organic?compounds?(VOCs)?emissions,?reduce?air?pollution,?environmentally?friendly?products.?Can?be?widely?used?in?cosmetics,?pharmaceuticals,?household?goods,?automotive?industrial?supplies,?pesticides,?leather?polishing?agent,?cleaning?agent,?rubber?industry,?paint?and?ink?and?other?products.

　　Methylal?and?gasoline?blending,?will?cause?a?series?of?problems,?mainly?reflected?in:?(1)?methylal?itself?octane?value?only?76,?added?to?gasoline,?will?significantly?reduced?gasoline?octane?value,?caused?gasoline?engine?knock?knock?cylinder.?II?of?methylal?with?low?heat?value,?4.4%?of?the?only?regular?gasoline?and?gasoline?join?methylal,?will?cause?a?decrease?in?the?power,?fuel?consumption?increase.?The?methylal?have?swelling?and?corrosion?on?plastic?parts.?Therefore,?"GB17930-2013"?gasoline?vehicle?specified?in?methylal?not?artificially?added?gasoline?vehicle.

　　Current?car?with?gasoline?in?the?national?standard?although?the?provisions?shall?not?be?artificially?by?adding?methylal,?but?in?the?technical?requirements?of?the?standard?did?not?to?be?included?in?the?methylal,?there?is?no?corresponding?gasoline?methylal?testing?national?standards?or?industry?standards.

　　Tengzhou?City?Xiangying?Analysis?Technology?Co.,?Ltd.?to?scientific?development?as?a?guide,?under?the?leadership?of?general?manager?Wang?Xiaoying,?according?to?two?chromatographic?engineering?research?and?analysis?and?testing?center?of?scientific?research?institutions?to?rely?on,?through?unremitting?efforts,?the?successful?development?of?a?gasoline?methylal?analysis?special?column?XY-Methylal,?in?the?country?in?the?leading?level,?to?fill?the?gaps?in?the?lack?of?standards.?To?provide?law?enforcement?basis?and?inspection?standards?for?the?supervision?and?inspection?of?law?enforcement?agencies?will?be?of?great?significance.

　　2015年3月15日的3.15晚會(huì)曝光了劣質(zhì)調(diào)合汽油中添加甲縮醛的情況，引起了社會(huì)各界強(qiáng)烈反響。

　　甲縮醛（Dimethoxymethane），俗稱甲醛縮二甲醇。無(wú)色透明液體。與醇、醚、丙酮等混溶；能溶解樹(shù)脂和油類，溶解能力比乙醚、丙酮強(qiáng)；和甲醇的共沸混合物能溶解含氮量高的硝化纖維素；16℃時(shí)在水中溶解32.3%（WT）；水在甲縮醛中溶解4.3%(WT)。有類似氯仿的氣味。甲縮醛是天然氣和煤化工的重要衍生品，主要用于生產(chǎn)陰離子交換樹(shù)脂。同時(shí)由于其含氧量高，分子結(jié)構(gòu)中不含有C-C鍵，可用作運(yùn)輸燃料以及燃料添加劑，還可作燃料電池的移動(dòng)氫能源。也作溶劑，其溶解能力強(qiáng),但由于其蒸氣有較強(qiáng)麻醉性，不宜作一般溶劑使用,通常作特殊場(chǎng)合的溶劑。在濃硫酸催化下，甲醇和甲醛在合成塔中反應(yīng)制得。對(duì)堿比較穩(wěn)定，與稀鹽酸一起加熱時(shí)，容易分解成甲醛和甲醇。

　　甲縮醛具有良好的去油能力和揮發(fā)性，作為清潔劑可以替代?F11、F13及含氟溶劑，是替代氟里昂減少揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物（VOCs）排放、降低大氣污染的環(huán)保產(chǎn)品。能廣泛應(yīng)用于化妝品、藥品、家庭用品、汽車工業(yè)用品、殺蟲(chóng)劑、皮革上光劑、清潔劑、橡膠工業(yè)、油漆和油墨等產(chǎn)品。

　　甲縮醛與汽油調(diào)合后，會(huì)導(dǎo)致一系列的問(wèn)題，主要表現(xiàn)在:①甲縮醛本身辛烷值只有76，加入到汽油中，會(huì)明顯降低汽油的辛烷值，引起汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)敲缸爆震。②甲縮醛熱值較低，只有普通汽油的4.4%，汽油中加入甲縮醛，會(huì)引起動(dòng)力下降，油耗增加。③甲縮醛對(duì)塑料件具有溶脹和腐蝕作用。因此，GB17930-2013《車用汽油》中明確規(guī)定車用汽油中不得人為加入甲縮醛。

　　目前車用汽油國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中雖然規(guī)定不得人為加入甲縮醛，但在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的技術(shù)要求中并沒(méi)有將甲縮醛列入，目前也沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的汽油中甲縮醛檢測(cè)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　滕州市翔鷹分析技術(shù)有限公司以科學(xué)發(fā)展為指導(dǎo)，在總經(jīng)理王曉瑩的帶領(lǐng)下，依色譜工程研究所和分析與測(cè)試中心2個(gè)科研機(jī)構(gòu)為依托，經(jīng)過(guò)不懈努力，成功開(kāi)發(fā)出汽油中甲縮醛分析專用柱XY-Methylal，在國(guó)內(nèi)處于領(lǐng)先水平，填補(bǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)缺失的空白。為執(zhí)法機(jī)關(guān)的監(jiān)督和檢查提供執(zhí)法依據(jù)和檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，將具有重要的意義。